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9 Mar 2010 at 1:08pm Reuters - An experimental approach that looks for the DNA leaking out from dead and dying cells may provide a route to a blood test for breast cancer, U.S. researchers reported on Tuesday. 8 Mar 2010 at 10:48pm HealthDay - MONDAY, March 8 (HealthDay News) -- Doctors need to do a better job of explaining genomic test results to breast cancer patients, say U.S. researchers. 5 Mar 2010 at 10:49pm HealthDay - FRIDAY, March 5 (HealthDay News) -- Some types of bone-building drugs used to prevent and treat osteoporosis might reduce the risk of breast cancer, according to new research. 5 Mar 2010 at 10:48pm HealthDay - FRIDAY, March 5 (HealthDay News) -- Freezing breast tumors helped stop the spread of the cancer in mice, a new study has found. 4 Mar 2010 at 10:49pm HealthDay - THURSDAY, March 4 (HealthDay News) -- For women who have had breast cancer surgery, the question of whether or not to wait before receiving radiation therapy has been answered by new research that suggests that the longer women wait, the greater the chance of cancer recurrence. 4 Mar 2010 at 3:14pm Reuters - Diets high in vegetables, fruits and soy might cut the risk of developing breast cancer by 30 percent, new research suggests. 25 Feb 2010 at 10:49pm HealthDay - THURSDAY, Feb. 25 (HealthDay News) -- Women with breast cancer who choose to have a preventive mastectomy on their disease-free breast do reduce their risk of cancer in that breast, studies have shown. 23 Feb 2010 at 10:49pm HealthDay - TUESDAY, Feb. 23 (HealthDay News) -- In some states, access to mammograms for women ages 40 to 49 has decreased since new breast cancer screening guidelines were released in November by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, according to a new survey. 23 Feb 2010 at 10:49pm HealthDay - TUESDAY, Feb. 23 (HealthDay News) -- A popular nutritional supplement -- extract of bitter melon -- may help protect women from breast cancer, researchers say. 23 Feb 2010 at 10:49pm HealthDay - TUESDAY, Feb. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Annual screening with both mammography and MRI appears to be a cost-effective way to improve life expectancy in women at high risk for breast cancer, U.S. researchers say. |
12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am Higher-than-normal levels of insulin place postmenopausal women at increased risk of breast cancer, scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University report. Their findings, reported in the January 7 issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, suggest that interventions that target insulin and its signaling pathways may decrease breast cancer risk in these women........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  The molecular details of Aromatase, the key enzyme mandatory for the body to make estrogen, are no longer a mystery thanks to the structural biology work done by the Ghosh lab at the Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute (HWI) in Buffalo, New York. Dr. Debashis Ghosh's solution of the three-dimensional structure of aromatase is the first time that researchers have been able to visualize the mechanism of synthesizing estrogen........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  A team of scientists at Princeton University and The Cancer Institute of New Jersey has identified a long-sought gene that is fatefully switched on in 30 to 40 percent of all patients with breast cancer, spreading the disease, resisting traditional chemotherapies and eventually leading to death. The gene, called "Metadherin" or MTDH, is located in a small region of human chromosome 8 and may be crucial to cancer's spread or metastasis because it helps tumor cells stick tightly to blood vessels in distant organs. The gene also makes tumors more resistant to the powerful chemotherapeutic agents normally used to wipe out the deadly cells........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  Women should go for the broccoli when the relish tray comes around during holiday celebrations this season. While it has been known for some time that eating cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage, can help prevent breast cancer, the mechanism by which the active substances in these vegetables inhibit cell proliferation was unknown until now........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  Throughout the world, 10 million breast cancer survivors have a lifetime risk for developing lymphedema, a chronic condition that involves swelling of the limbs and impacts physical and psychosocial health. Second only to the recurrence of cancer, it is the most dreaded effect of breast cancer therapy. In a new study, University of Missouri scientists observed that the risk of developing lymphedema is 40 percent to 60 percent higher in women with body mass index (BMI) classified as overweight or obese in comparison to normal weight women. The scientists recommend increased health education for breast cancer survivors........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  A newly published genome sequence of a breast cancer cell line reveals a heavily rearranged genetic blueprint involving breaks and fusions of genes and a broken DNA repair machinery, said scientists at Baylor College of Medicine in a report that appears online in the journal Genome Research "It's like a computer program that has become buggy and transcends into something dangerous," said Dr. Aleksandar Milosavljevic, associate professor in the BCM Human Genome Sequencing Center. "It makes the cell escape normal controls on cell proliferation. Experimentally, some of the rearrangements in the genome that we found produce fusion genes that confer uncontrolled cell growth and prevent tumor cells from dying, allowing them to grow outside their normal tissue environment. These are all essential attributes of cancer"........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  Two separate meta-analyses of clinical trials from around the world that tested tamoxifen against aromatase inhibitor drugs in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer have each reached the same conclusion: aromatase inhibitors are more effective in preventing breast cancer from coming back. Patients using aromatase inhibitors had more than a 3 percent lower cancer recurrence 6-8 years after diagnosis, in comparison to women using tamoxifen alone........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  A lack of clear-cut, scientific evidence illustrating the benefits of mammography screening in women over 80 has created a trail of controversy leading to a disturbing conclusion about cancer care in America. "We are ill-prepared from a scientific knowledge perspective to provide cancer health care rationally, ethically, equitably and humanely to the 'booming' older population," say two leading cancer researchers........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center will hold the first international inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) conference on December 6-7, to bring together internationally recognized breast cancer clinicians and scientists. Participants will present new clinical discoveries and participate in educational workshops, with the goal of improving diagnosis and management of this rare but deadly disease........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  Diets that are high in protein and cereal grains produce an excess of acid in the body which may increase calcium excretion and weaken bones, as per a new study accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (JCEM). The study observed that increasing the alkali content of the diet, with a pill or through a diet rich in fruits and vegetables has the opposite effect and strengthens skeletal health........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  Tamoxifen may worsen breast cancer in a small subset of patients. Research published in BioMed Central's open access journal Breast Cancer Research suggests that in patients who show reduced or absent expression of the protein E-cadherin, usually used anti-oestrogen drugs such as tamoxifen may promote more harmful cancer cell behaviour........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  Breast-specific gamma imaging (BSGI) is effective in the detection of cancers not found on mammograms or by clinical exam, as per a research studypresented today at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). "BSGI can identify the most difficult to detect breast cancerinvasive lobular carcinoma," said lead author Rachel F. Brem, M.D., professor of radiology and director of the Breast Imaging and Interventional Center at The George Washington University Medical Center in Washington, D.C. "It also can help us detect additional lesions of all types of breast cancer in women whose mammograms show only one suspicious lesion.".......12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  A stunning discovery based on epigenetics (the inheritance of propensities acquired in the womb) reveals that consuming choline-a nutrient found in eggs and other foods-during pregnancy may significantly affect breast cancer outcomes for a mother's offspring. This finding by a team of biologists at Boston University is the first to link choline consumption during pregnancy to breast cancer. It also is the first to identify possible choline-related genetic changes that affect breast cancer survival rates........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  Breast cancer rates increased significantly in four Norwegian counties after women there began undergoing mammography every two years, as per a report in the November 24 issue of Archives of Internal Medicine, one of the JAMA/Archives journals. Rates among regularly screened women remained higher than rates among women of the same age who were screened only once after six years, suggesting that some of the cancers detected by mammography may have spontaneously regressed had they not been discovered and treated........12 Jan 2009 at 6:24am  Osteoporosis is a growing concern among breast cancer survivors and their doctors, because certain cancer drugs can cause bone loss. But a new study has observed that cancer drugs aren't the only culprits. Among 64 patients with breast cancer referred to a bone health clinic, 78 percent had at least one other cause of bone loss, including vitamin D deficiency, excessive calcium excretion in urine and an overactive parathyroid gland........25 Sep 2007 at 10:41pm  The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is considered the cause of one of the most important sexually transmitted diseases nowadays, and affects both men and women. HPV is so common in our society that only people who have never had sexual relations can be sure that they have not been exposed to this disease. However, as with other microbes, people infected do not necessarily develop the disease, because, in most cases, it only means the colonization. Only some of the people colonized will fall ill with different processes........25 Sep 2007 at 10:41pm  University of Florida scientists have identified a set of proteins that appear to signal the presence of bladder cancer, a discovery they hope will lead to a simple, fast and noninvasive test that can detect the disease early. Working with colleagues at the University of Michigan, the researchers used advances in technology to isolate nearly 200 proteins from the urine of patients with and without bladder cancer. Several appear promising as potential biomarkers, including one that studies conducted elsewhere have already associated with liver and ovary cancer. The findings, available online, are scheduled would be reported in the July 6 print edition of the American Chemical Societys Journal of Proteome Research........25 Sep 2007 at 10:41pm  Arsenic exposure appears to continue causing lung and bladder cancer deaths years after exposure ends, as per a research studypublished online June 12 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute Arsenic is a known cause of lung and bladder cancer, but scientists dont yet know how long cancer risk remains elevated after arsenic exposure. The drinking water in a region of northern Chile became contaminated with very high amounts of arsenic beginning in 1958. In the 1970s, construction of water therapy plants in the region led to a decline in arsenic concentration. This sudden rise and fall of arsenic levels gave scientists the opportunity to investigate the period between first and last exposure to high levels of arsenic and subsequent mortality due arsenic-related cancers, such as bladder and lung cancer........25 Sep 2007 at 10:41pm  There are currently about fifty million smokers in the U.S. and there are another fifty million ex-smokers. Cigarette smoking has been linked to several human malignancies. Some of these links like the relationship between smoking and lung cancer are well established. In some other cases the relationship between smoking and cancer is not very well established. However several studies have clearly shown the malignant potential of chemical substances in cigarette smoke. This article is an attempt to summarize some of the known links between cigarette smoking and caner........25 Sep 2007 at 10:41pm As you are aware we are the leading publishers of health news on the web. We publish news items in various forms including numerous blogs and news items. We invite you to participate in our new collection. We are looking for quality news items that would be interesting to our readers. Now you may suggest the news item from your site to be included at Medicineworld.org. Inclusion of news item at our site get instantaneous attention since the item is illustrated from various blog posts. Addition of pictures to the item adds additional attraction to your news item. Inclusion in the Medicineworld.org site brings quality links and visitors to your site........ 25 Sep 2007 at 10:41pm Medicineworld wishes all our readers merry Christmas. Oh, jingle bells, jingle bells Jingle all the way...... 25 Sep 2007 at 10:41pm Emory Winship Cancer Institute is the only cancer research and treatment facility in Georgia to offer an innovative Phase II clinical trial for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), a common form of bladder cancer. The clinical trial is testing the efficacy of the investigational drug Vinflunine. Vasily Assikis, MD, assistant professor of hematology and oncology and director of Winship's Prostate Cancer Translational Research Program is principal investigator....... 25 Sep 2007 at 10:41pm A new population-based study has found that patients 75 years of age or older with invasive bladder cancer are less likely to receive the recommended surgical treatment for the disease.The findings "suggest in a sense some undertreatment of our older patients," Dr. Brenda K. Edwards of the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, told Reuters Health. However, she noted, the study was unable to gauge the influence of factors such as patient choice, which also could have made surgery less common among older patients....... 25 Sep 2007 at 10:41pm Previous research from Ohio State and Harvard Universities showed that men who ate broccoli had half the risk of bladder cancer compared to those who did not. Now the researchers have isolated interesting compounds from broccoli sprouts. Known as glucosinolates, they are turned into isothiocyanates during chopping, chewing and digestion. Experiments with bladder cancer cells, including the most aggressive type, shows that the isothiocyanates can block their growth. The scientist believe there may be up to a dozen other compounds in broccoli that have a similar effect....... |
14 Mar 2010 at 3:52pm People who eat high levels of garlic appear to have a lower overall risk of cancer, researchers say. 14 Mar 2010 at 3:34pm Drugmaker Pfizer says that the drug Sutent did not meet expectations in two late-stage trials for advanced breast cancer. 8 Mar 2010 at 11:08am A simple gene test that uses a swab of your cheek may help determine which diet--low fat or low carb--works best for you, researchers say. 8 Mar 2010 at 10:07am An analysis of more than 100,000 patients found that only 6 percent of women who'd had the second mastectomy benefited from it. 8 Mar 2010 at 9:46am Genomic testing done after a tumor removal can help patients understand their risk of recurrence, but many women don't understand their test results, experts say. 8 Mar 2010 at 9:13am Scientists have found that there's a strong correlation between meaningful conversation and happiness. 8 Mar 2010 at 9:04am Vitamin D appears to 'arm and trigger' a healthy immune system, a new Danish study suggests. 25 Feb 2010 at 4:23pm A common vegetable used in Asia, and South America for diabetes management may slow and stop breast cancer, new research suggests. 25 Feb 2010 at 3:52pm Annual mammograms along with an MRI may improve life expectancy in women at high risk. 22 Feb 2010 at 6:59pm According to new research, baking garden-grown English rhubarb for 20 minutes significantly increases the vegetable's levels of polyphenols, a chemical that has been found to selectively prevent kill or prevent the growth of cancer cells. 22 Feb 2010 at 11:41am A new study suggests that vitamin D may be as good at shrinking and killing breast cancer cells as the drug Tamoxifen. 22 Feb 2010 at 11:09am Breast cancer survivors who are on an aspirin regimen may be less likely to die or have a cancer recurrence, a new study has found. 9 Feb 2010 at 1:36pm A French study has found that women who receive estrogen-only hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are more likely to develop asthma after menopause. 9 Feb 2010 at 12:39pm Canadian researchers have found that women who take the antidepressant Paxil along with the breast cancer drug tamoxifen may be lowering their chance of survival, since Paxil appears to reduce the effectiveness of tamoxifen. 8 Feb 2010 at 11:05am Women with breast cancer may benefit more from fewer, larger doses of radiotherapy. |
by Chang Hoon Song 11 Mar 2010 at 6:00pm IntroductionEvaluating the expression of signaling molecule proteins from the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in invasive breast cancers may identify prognostic marker(s) associated with early relapse. Methods: Immunohistochemical analyses of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), PI3K-p110alpha, phospho-AKT, phospho-p70S6 kinase, phospho-S6 ribosomal protein, phospho-RAF, phospho-p44/42 MAPK, and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) were performed on tumor samples from 212 patients with invasive breast cancer. Statistically significant relationships between protein expression, clinicopathologic factors, and relapse-free survival (RFS) were analyzed. Results: Expression of HSP90 was associated with 5-year RFS, as well as T stage, N stage, histologic grade, estrogen receptor (ER) expression, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression, and the Ki-67 proliferation index. On multivariate analysis, co-expression of HSP90 and PI3K-p110alpha or expression of HSP90 along with PTEN loss demonstrated significantly worse RFS. In subgroup analyses, both exhibited strong prognostic significance in HER2 positive cases, but not in HER2 negative cases. Conclusions: The co-expression of HSP90 with PI3K-p110alpha or expression of HSP90 along with PTEN loss have potential as molecular prognostic markers to predict early relapse in patients with invasive breast cancers. by Jingmei Li 8 Mar 2010 at 6:00pm IntroductionSeveral studies have examined the effect of genetic variants in genes involved in the estrogen metabolic pathway on mammographic density, but the number of loci studied and the sample sizes evaluated have been small and pathways have not been evaluated comprehensively. In this study, we evaluate the association between mammographic density and genetic variants of the estrogen metabolic pathway. Methods: A total of 239 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 34 estrogen metabolic genes were studied in 1731 Swedish women who participated in a breast cancer case-control study, of which 891 were cases and 840 were controls. Film mammograms of the medio-lateral oblique view were digitalized and the software Cumulus was used for computer-assisted semi-automated thresholding of mammographic density. Generalized linear models controlling for possible confounders were used to evaluate the effects of SNPs on mammographic density. Results found to be nominally significant were examined in two independent populations. The admixture maximum likelihood (AML) - based global test was performed to evaluate the cumulative effect from multiple SNPs within the whole metabolic pathway and three sub-pathways for androgen synthesis, androgen-to-estrogen conversion and estrogen removal. Results: Genetic variants of genes involved in estrogen metabolism exhibited no appreciable effect on mammographic density. None of the nominally significant findings were validated. In addition, global analyses on the overall estrogen metabolic pathway and its sub-pathways did not yield statistically significant results. Conclusions: Overall, there is no conclusive evidence that genetic variants in genes involved in the estrogen metabolic pathway are associated with mammographic density in postmenopausal women. by Zhi Hu 7 Mar 2010 at 6:00pm IntroductionHJURP (Holliday Junction Recognition Protein) is a newly discovered gene reported to function at centromeres and to interact with centromere protein A (CENP-A). However its role in tumor development remains largely unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of HJURP in breast cancer and its correlation with radiotherapeutic outcome. Methods: We measured HJURP expression level in human breast cancer cell lines and primary breast cancers by Western blot and/or by Affymetrix Microarray; and determined its associations with clinical variables using standard statistical methods. Validation was performed with the use of published microarray data. We assessed cell growth and apoptosis of breast cancer cells after radiation using high-content image analysis. Results: HJURP was expressed at higher level in breast cancer than in normal breast tissue. HJURP mRNA levels were significantly associated with estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) grade, age and Ki67 proliferation indices, but not with pathologic stage, ERBB2, tumor size, or lymph node status. Higher HJURP mRNA levels significantly decreased disease-free and overall survival. HJURP mRNA levels predicted the prognosis better than Ki67 proliferation indices. In a multivariate Cox proportional-hazard regression, including clinical variables as covariates, HJURP mRNA levels remained an independent prognostic factor for disease-free and overall survival. In addition HJURP mRNA levels were an independent prognostic factor over molecular subtypes (normal like, luminal, Erbb2 and basal). Poor clinical outcomes among patients with high HJURP expression were validated in five additional breast cancer cohorts. Furthermore, the patients with high HJURP levels were much more sensitive to radiotherapy. In vitro studies in breast cancer cell lines showed that cells with high HJURP levels were more sensitive to radiation treatment and had a higher rate of apoptosis than those with low levels. Knock down of HJURP in human breast cancer cells using shRNA reduced the sensitivity to radiation treatment. HJURP mRNA levels were significantly correlated with CENP-A mRNA levels. Conclusions: HJURP mRNA level is a prognostic factor for disease-free and overall survival in patients with breast cancer and is a predictive biomarker for sensitivity to radiotherapy. by Hideki Asakawa 4 Mar 2010 at 6:00pm IntroductionVarious agents used in breast cancer chemotherapy provoke DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). DSB repair competence determines the sensitivity of cells to these agents whereby aberrations in the repair machinery leads to apoptosis. Proteins required for this pathway can be detected as nuclear foci at sites of DNA damage when the pathway is intact. Here we investigate whether focus formation of repair proteins can predict chemosensitivity of breast cancer. Methods: Core needle biopsy specimens were obtained from sixty cases of primary breast cancer before and 18-24 hours after the first cycle of neoadjuvant epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide (EC) treatment. Nuclear focus formation of DNA damage repair proteins was immunohistochemically analyzed and compared with tumor response to chemotherapy. Results: EC treatment induced nuclear foci of H2AX, conjugated ubiquitin, and Rad51 in a substantial amount of cases. In contrast, BRCA1 foci were observed before treatment in the majority of the cases and only decreased after EC in thirteen cases. The presence of BRCA1-, H2AX-, or Rad51-foci before treatment or the presence of Rad51-foci after treatment was inversely correlated with tumor response to chemotherapy. DNA damage response (DDR) competence was further evaluated by considering all four repair indicators together. A high DDR score significantly correlated with low tumor response to EC and EC + docetaxel whereas other clinicopathological factors analyzed did not. Conclusions: High performing DDR focus formation resulted in tumor resistance to DNA damage-inducing chemotherapy. Our results suggested an importance of evaluation of DDR competence to predict breast cancer chemosensitivity, and merits further studying into its usefulness in exclusion of non-responder patients. by Jelena Klawitter 4 Mar 2010 at 6:00pm IntroductionStatins are cholesterol-lowering drugs with pleiotropic activities including inhibition of isoprenylation and reduction of signals driving cell proliferation and survival responses. Methods: In this study we evaluated the effects of lovastatin acid and lactone on breast cancer MDAMB231 and MDAMB468 cells using a combination of proteomic and metabonomic profiling techniques. Results: Lovastatin inhibited proliferation of breast cancer cell lines. MDAMB231 cells were more sensitive to its effects, and in most cases lovastatin acid showed more potency towards the manipulation of protein expression than lovastatin lactone. Increased expression of Rho inhibitor GDI-2 stabilized the non-active Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) leading to a decreased expression of its active, membrane-bound form. Its downstream targets cofilin, CDC42 and G3BP1 are members of the GTPase family affected by lovastatin. Our data indicated that lovastatin modulated the E2F1-pathway through the regulation of expression of prohibitin and retinoblastoma (Rb). This subsequently leads to changes of E2F-downstream targets minichromosome maintenance protein 7 (MCM7) and MutS homolog 2 (MSH2). Lovastatin also regulated the AKT-signaling pathway. Increased phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and decreased DJ-1 expression lead to a down-regulation of the active pAkt. Lovastatin's involvement in the AKT-signaling pathway was confirmed by an upregulation of its downstream target, tumor progressor NDRG1. Metabolic consequences to lovastatin exposure included suppression of glycolytic and Krebs cycle activity, and lipid biosynthesis. Conclusions: The combination of proteomics and metabonomics enabled us to identify several key targets essential to the antitumor activity of lovastatin. Our results imply that lovastatin has the potential to reduce the growth of breast cancer cells. 28 Feb 2010 at 6:00pm No description available by Deirdre Cronin-Fenton 28 Feb 2010 at 6:00pm IntroductionNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) prevent the growth of mammary tumours in animal models. Two population-based case-control studies suggest a reduced risk of breast cancer associated with selective cyclooxygenase-2 (sCox-2) inhibitor use, but data regarding the association between breast cancer occurrence and use of non-selective NSAIDs are conflicting. Methods: We conducted a population-based case-control study using Danish healthcare databases to examine if use of NSAIDs, including sCox-2 inhibitors, was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. We included 8,195 incident breast cancer cases diagnosed 1991 through 2006 and 81,950 population controls. Results: Overall, we found no reduced breast cancer risk in ever users (>2 prescriptions) of sCox-2 inhibitors [odds ratio (OR)=1.08, 95% confidence interval (95%CI)=0.99, 1.18), aspirin (OR=0.98, 95%CI=0.90-1.07), or non-selective NSAIDs OR=1.04, (95%CI=0.98, 1.10)]. Recent use (>2 prescriptions within 2 years of index date) of sCox-2 inhibitors, aspirin, or non-selective NSAIDs was likewise not associated with breast cancer risk [ORs=1.06 (95%CI=0.96, 1.18), 0.96 (95%CI=0.87, 1.06) and 0.99 (95%CI=0.85, 1.16), respectively]. Risk estimates by duration (<10, 10-15, 15+ years) or intensity (low/medium/high) of NSAID use were also close to unity. Regardless of intensity, shorter or long-term NSAID use was not significantly associated with breast cancer risk. Conclusions: Overall, we found no compelling evidence of a reduced risk of breast cancer associated with use of sCox-2 inhibitors, aspirin, or non-selective NSAIDs. by Olof Stephansson 24 Feb 2010 at 6:00pm IntroductionDiabetes during pregnancy is related to enhanced fetal growth, which has been associated with increased breast cancer risk. Whether daughters of mothers with a diagnosis of diabetes have an increased risk of breast cancer is not known. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of daughters of mothers with diabetes by linkage of the Swedish Multigeneration, Cause-of-Death and Patient Register between 1952 and 2005. Breast cancer cases were ascertained by linkage with the Swedish Cancer Register between 1958 and 2005. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of breast cancer were calculated assuming a Poisson distribution for the observed cases. Results: We identified 291,360 daughters of mothers with a diagnosis of diabetes before or after birth between 1952 and 2005. Among the daughters, 7956 cases of breast cancer were diagnosed between 1964 and 2005. The total time of follow-up was 12,173,821 person years. The expected number of breast cancer cases was 9204, resulting in an SIR of 0.86 (95 % CI, 0.85 to 0.88). The decrease in risk associated with maternal diabetes was stronger for premenopausal (<55 years of age) than postmenopausal ([greater than or equal to]55 years of age) breast cancer (SIR 0.83 and 0.91, respectively). Among daughters of mothers' with diabetes, a history of breast cancer in the mother increased the risk of breast cancer in the daughter (SIR 1.43, 1.32 to 1.54). Conclusions: Daughters of mothers with a lifetime history of diabetes were at a decreased risk of breast cancer. The strongest negative association was found among premenopausal breast cancer. by Chann Lagadec 15 Feb 2010 at 6:00pm IntroductionRecent data indicate a hierarchical organization of many solid cancers, including breast cancer, with a small number of cancer initiating cells (CICs) that have the ability to self-renew and exhibit multi-lineage potency. We, and others, have demonstrated that CICs in breast cancer and glioma are relatively resistant to ionizing radiation if compared to their non-tumorigenic counterparts. However, the extent of the remaining self-renewing capacity of CICs after fractions of radiation is currently unknown. We hypothesized that CICs, in contrast to their non-tumorigenic counterparts, not only survive fractions of ionizing radiation but also retain the CIC phenotype as defined by operational means. Methods: We used two marker systems to identify breast CICs (CD24-/low/CD44high, or lack of proteasome activity) and performed sphere-forming assays after multiple clinical fractions of radiation. Lineage tracking was performed by membrane staining. Cell cycle distribution and RNA content were assessed by flow cytometry and senescence was assessed via β-galactosidase staining. Results: We demonstrated that irradiated CICs survived and retained their self-renewal capacity for at least four generations. We show that fractionated radiation not only spared CICs but also mobilized them from a quiescent/G0 phase of the cell cycle into actively cycling cells, while the surviving non-tumorigenic cells were driven into senescence. Conclusions: The breast CIC population retains increased self-renewal capacity over several generations and therefore, we conclude that increases in the number of CICs after sublethal doses of radiation have potential clinical importance. Prevention of this process may lead to improved clinical outcome. by Emily Banks 11 Feb 2010 at 6:00pm Substantial reductions in breast cancer incidence in women 50 years old or older have been observed recently in many developed countries, and falling use of menopausal hormone therapy (HT) remains the most plausible explanation. In keeping with recent observations from the Women's Health Initiative, a report from the California Teachers Study cohort in this issue of Breast Cancer Research adds to this growing evidence. The investigators found a 26% reduction in invasive breast cancer in the cohort from 2000-2002 to 2003-2005, which accompanied an estimated 64% drop in HT use between 2000-2001 and 2005-2006. By collating individual data on the use of HT and breast cancer incidence, they also demonstrated that the decline in incidence was concentrated in women who had ceased HT use. The decline reflected a decrease predominantly in oestrogen receptor-positive tumours in the context of stable screening patterns over the study period. Millions of women continue to use HT, and these findings support carefully targeted short duration use as an important ongoing strategy to minimise breast cancer risk. |
14 Mar 2010 at 1:00am Pfizer Inc. announced today that two Phase 3 studies of Sutent® (sunitinib malate) in advanced breast cancer did not meet their primary endpoints... 13 Mar 2010 at 3:00am TechniScan, Inc. (OTC Bulletin Board: TSNI) is featured on NVIDIA's recently posted blog about speeding the amount of time it takes to get breast imaging results into the hands of doctors and patients. NVIDIA is the world leader in visual computing technologies and inventor of the graphics processing unit (GPU)... 13 Mar 2010 at 2:00am Many women live with breast cancer that does not respond to standard medical treatment, a condition that researchers at the Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center at Scottsdale Healthcare want to change by aggressively targeting specific genes... 13 Mar 2010 at 1:00am Conventional biological wisdom holds that living cells interact with their environment through an elaborate network of chemical signals. As a result many therapies for the treatment of cancer and other diseases in which cell behavior goes awry focus on drugs that block or disrupt harmful chemical signals... 12 Mar 2010 at 4:00am Every year more than 100,000 women in the United States undergo a lumpectomy, a conservative procedure to remove cancerous tumors while preserving the breast. The surgeon's goal is to attain a tumor-free, or negative, surgical margin the first time they operate... 11 Mar 2010 at 6:00am Recent studies show that more women with cancer in one breast are opting for removal of both breasts, even though removal of the healthy breast does little to improve survival rates, New York Times columnist Tara Parker-Pope writes... 11 Mar 2010 at 4:00am Breast cancer continues to rise in Iraq, and scientists have established the Iraqi National Cancer Research Program to better understand the underlying molecular and environmental causes in an effort to curb the incidence of cancer. "Breast cancer is the most common type of malignancy recorded in the cancer registries of almost all countries within the Eastern Mediterranean Region... 11 Mar 2010 at 2:00am Women's responsiveness to the second-line breast cancer drug fulvestrant may depend on whether the cancer cells are expressing two key proteins, Indiana University Bloomington scientists report in this month's Cancer Biology & Therapy... 11 Mar 2010 at 12:00am Chronix Biomedical today announced publication of a study that supports the utility of its serum DNA blood tests for the early and accurate detection of breast cancer. The Chronix tests detect the circulating DNA that is released into the blood stream by damaged and dying cells... 10 Mar 2010 at 3:00am TechniScan, Inc. (OTC Bulletin Board: TSNI) ("TechniScan" or the "Company"), a medical device company engaged in the development and commercialization of an automated breast ultrasound imaging system, announced that it has commenced phase two of its grant study at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) Moores Cancer Center... 10 Mar 2010 at 2:00am What began as research into how diabetics could possibly preserve their eyesight has led to findings that could prolong the vision of children afflicted with retinoblastoma... 10 Mar 2010 at 2:00am The Side-Out Foundation, which pairs volleyball enthusiasts with breast cancer researchers, is sponsoring a new clinical trial for up to 25 patients with advanced breast cancer. TGen Drug Development (TD2) will manage this pilot study for the Side-Out Foundation at two locations: TGen Clinical Research Services (TCRS) at Scottsdale Healthcare in Scottsdale, Ariz... 9 Mar 2010 at 3:00am Postmenopausal women, including those over 70 years old, who have been newly diagnosed with cancer in one breast have higher cancer detection rates when the other breast is scanned for tumors with MRI, compared to premenopausal women, say researchers at the Mayo Clinic campus in Florida. They found that 3... 9 Mar 2010 at 2:00am One in three early stage breast cancer patients who received genomic testing when deciding about treatment options felt they did not fully understand their discussions with physicians about their test results and their risk of the disease recurring, a new study has found... 8 Mar 2010 at 6:00am Life Technologies Corporation (NASDAQ:LIFE) announced that it is collaborating with the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen) and US Oncology to sequence the genomes of 14 patients afflicted with triple negative breast cancer whose tumors have progressed despite multiple other therapies... |
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